Health Care Strategies Assignment Sample

Disadvantage Community and Health

Disadvantaged community is a community where people are subjective towards lower wellbeing over level of socio economic disadvantage. The people residing in the disadvantaged communities suffer a lot with respect to food insecurity, health care resource availability, shelter, and clothing. Thus, the essential need of individual does not met which affect the overall health status of a person. The main reason of mortality in disadvantage communities is due to cardiovascular disease. Cardiovascular disorder is prevalent amongst vulnerable population. The disease prognosis, incidence, and development increases with the vulnerability of population from ethnic to lower income people, to poor neighbours, and to those who are at high risk of heart problem. The reason for the development of disease may be due to lesser socioeconomic resource availability, inferior quality care, and degraded lifestyle of individual and unhealthy living condition.

The essay will help to integrate the role of registered nurse that helps in building the health communities strategies. The essay will highlight the nursing practice beyond the health care facility toward the large spectrum. It will also address the disease situation and its effect on human health and status. Nurse guidelines, interventions, rational, and policies help in identification of the loophole in assessing the health of individual suffering from cardiovascular disease. The essay make a highpoint on the partnership of registered nurse with community so as to develop the mutually respectful and supportive collaboration using strength based approach.

Cardiovascular disorder (CVD) is one of the fatal diseases, which affect the overall health of the individual. Many disease associated with the CVD are high blood pressure, low blood pressure, myocardial infarction, fibrogenesis, rheumatic heart disease, congenital heart disease, heart failure, cerebrovascular disease (The World Health Organisation, (WHO)). The article also state that in 2005, 30% of global death occurs due to CVD and if the scenario still persist then in 2030, the 23.6 million people will die from CVD.

From a paper (Chaddha, et al; 2016), it was opined that cardiovascular disease occurs due to anxiety, psychological distress, depression, and inferior diet. The American Heart Association states that depression can accelerate various heart problem such as artherosclerosis, hypertention, hypotention, and higher level of low density lipoprotein (LDL) (Chaddha, et al; 2016). Moreover, mood swings including anger, fear, grief, other severe emotional stress result in adrenalin hormone to increase which increases blood pressure which further induces the cardiac irregularities in person suffering with or without structural heart disease.

Moreover from the review article, it was stated that the CVD morbidity and mortality occurs due to the spectrum of socioeconomic status (Psaltopoulou, et al, 2017). These include income, occupation, education status, lifestyle, and standard health needs. The paper (Psaltopoulou, et al, 2017) also highlight that the CVD disease and illeffects could be as potentially linked with the dietary intakes such as diet patterns, diet chart, food groups, macromolecules, and micro molecules.

The paper (Psaltopoulou, et al, 2017) had made the hypothesis between the socially low income group and higher income group community. They found that the lower income group community intake cheap and easy available food item such as bread, potato, rice, and pasta. However the higher income group intake fruits, vegetables and take the proper meal full of nutrition. They found that the lower income people found are more risk of developing CVD and provide the beneficiary opportunity for the development of disease. The disadvantage facilities, insecure food insecurity,

The social disadvantage index is a qualitative measure of social and economic factors which determine the level and occurrence of CVD. The article (Psaltopoulou, et al, 2017) published by state that majority of social disadvantage represent the rise in norepinephrine in their body as compared to the other social group. Rising level of norepinephrine is associated with the CVD prognosis and development.

Mutual and Supportive Collaboration

Community partnership, coalitions, intersectoral supportive agreement between the nurse and community help in promoting population health. This creates sense of community, ultimately, empowerment, and personal commitment. The collaborative approach would further provide long term health care promotion and maintainace. For instance, a study was conducted, in which 238 stakeholders were involved along with six partnerships and six major local health services (Cicognani, E., Albanesi, Valletta, & Prati, 2019). The stakeholders involved in study are health professional, local administration, volunteer, registered nurses, and disadvantage community representative. The goal of the study is to examine the implications of positive partnership process in health management.

Moreover, in article published by Skyes, Wills, & Keith (2017) opined the case study, which demonstrate the effect of health literacy in health management. The article state that the critical health literacy is one of the best health management domain that represents the cognitive and personal skill development. The article revealed that the different element of critical care and critical literacy help to build self-eficacy, self-esteem, participatory, and emancipatory knowledge development among the individuals. From this case study, it can be state that the critical health literacy has the potential to address the inequalities in health and also embed community development within the framework of health policy and practice Skyes, Wills, & Keith (2017). Thus it can be state that inter-professional and intra-professional teamwork provide positive working relationship; improving performance; gain self-confidence; and allow the person to share their ideas and opinions which could benefit the health of disadvantage people.

Role of A Community Health Nurse

Registered nurse responsible takes the primary responsibilities to advocate the policies, activities, and law incompliance to improve the social condition (Williams, Phillips, & Koyama). This advocacy will sharpen the wellbeing of disadvantaged people. The community nurses are subject to take care to provide the patient centric approach and rooted inside to implement the fundamental concern for emotional, social, and physical needs of the individuals. Additionally, the registered nurse offer knowledge to the community resident in terms of education, disease awareness, CVD symptoms, first-aid treatment in case of shock, heart attack, nutritious diet, physical exercise importance, and many other health related points. The strength based approach need to be accompanied in eradicating CVD disease forever and these strategies are as follow:

• Identify and evaluate the risk factor associated with the development of CVD. In this, analyse the age, gender, ethnicity and lifestyle of individuals and will make a positive feedback for the health development (Registered nursing, 2020).

• Asses and teach the individuals about the safety, CVD characteristic, health outcome associated, CVD medication require, and physical exercise.

• Promote the individual in avoiding the unhealthy lifestyle substances such as smoking, drinking, spiced or fried food items, and high intake of drugs. Educate them about the side effects of these items and how they are responsible in occurrence of disease.

• Analyse and evaluate the person understanding in health promotion activities. This will implement and assess the community based client care (Registered nursing, 2020).

• Try to integrate the complementary therapies into health promotions activities for the client.

Positive Strategies to Be Adopted

There are some extensive set of interrelated psychosocial factors, social determinant factors, lifestyle, health management, health care resources, and living condition, which need to be analysed and assessed toward the implementation of preventive measure. This will further enhance the cardiac treatment and also reduces the events of recurrent episodes for the development of CVD and also improve the life of people. Teamwork and interpersonal collaboration is one of the important aspect of health care delivery. This can be opined from a research article published by Kholed, Hassan, Maon, & Hamid (2017).

The article state that social café needs of the citizen of disadvantage community can be easily met with the proper implementation of strategies. The rational of the study done by researchers state that interprofessional collaboration teamwork influence the trust and respect among them, which further deliver cost effective, positive, satisfactory patient outcome (Kholed, Hassan, Maon, & Hamid, 2017). Some of the ways which help transforming the worst situation of disadvantaged people into a better and healthier life style are as follows:

• Cardiac rehabilitation - It is one of the best approach that help in maintain the cardiac health of individual. It is a multicomponent intervention which is aimed at optimizing physical, social, and psychological functioning and help to reduce the morbidity or mortality of patient with CVD (Magomedova & Damadaeva, 2016).

• Care management approach – To reduce or eliminate the risk associated with the development of disease, one need to adopt the proper management approach and need to work on it collectively. The team need to be create which comprises of experienced people from different domain for the effective management care provider. The collaborative work form each and every specialised people help to focus the determinants and risks associated. The team may comprise of nurse, doctors, psychologist, counsellor, dietician, social worker, and stakeholders (Kumar, 2016). With the involvement of different sector professional, it would be easy to address the risk factor associated, health issues, and other socio-cultural factors associated with the CVD development.

• Awareness and campaign program – There is a need for the deep development of campaign program in each and every area of location. The awareness would be related to the lifestyle, risk factor, diet, and other living condition which are associated with the development of CVD. Individuals need to be aware that the unhealthy lifestyle, alcohol, illicit drug, malnutrition are associated with the increasing risk of CVD. Moreover, the loneliness and social isolation are another factor as risk associated with the CVD development (Valtrorta, Kanaan, Gilbody, Ronzi, & Hanratty, 2015). For this, education program and social activities under the supervision of cardiac doctors need to be done. This will help in implementing the one to one approaches, cognitive development, befriending, and emotional support to individual

• Sex disaggregated approach – According to the paper published by Wood ward (2019), confined that women are more like to develop CVD disorder than man. Thus, a sex disaggregated approach need to follow in context of collecting, analysing, and reporting CVD. The responsible official body need to be made which could address the health issues faced by females in region. The repository body will also responsible for mandating the basic essential needs and to maintain the health in compliance with health care standard.

• Bioethics – Health promotion with perspective bioethics involves autonomy, responsibility, regularity, and sense of ownership among health care management committee (Feitosa et al, 2016). Through bioethics, there is a chances that professionals will treat patients with the basic lifestyle, focused towards the social and environmental factors.

• Self-oriented approach – The prevention for CVD is based on individual approach. As a registered nurse, I will recommend the adoption of self-centred care with the help of experience professionals. The activities involved under self-cantered approach are routine medical check-up, intensive individual care, individual counselling, proper adoption of diet chart (Graham, &Xiao, 2018). The people of the disadvantage region must be aware of these kind of activities and must ensure there valuable outputs.

• Bridging and establishing government networks – as a registered nurse, I will try to seal the gap between the people of disadvantage community and government actions. This can be achieved through the active participation of the community people and the policies maker. More diverse tie generate will empower the accessibility of healthcare facilities to the people. This practice will also help in linking individuals and organisations with the institution and help in decision making about the management and distribution of community’s overall resource and turn the further turn the community assets into outcome.

Conclusion

From the above essay it can be concluded that the disadvantaged community is the worst affected by CVD uptake. The group suffers due to unhealthy lifestyle, inferior health care facilities, improper medical centres, and improper treatment. Thus, the role of community based registered nurse is dynamic and result oriented. These learn a lot from their experience and education. The nurses follow wide spectrum strategies which help the government organisation to move forward and provide the suitable option to maintain the health of community. The registered nurse also holds the opportunity to make the individuals learn about their own self-management skills to tackle the issue of CVD incidence. This will further have a positive impact on maintain the disease condition among the individual, family and community as whole.

References

Australian Government. What we are doing about cardiovascular condition. Retrieved from https://www.health.gov.au/health-topics/chronic-conditions/what-were-doing-about-chronic-conditions/what-were-doing-about-cardiovascular-conditions.

Altman, S. H., Butler, A. S., & Shern, L. (2016). Assessing Progress on the Institute of Medicine Report The Future of Nursing. Washington.

Cicognani, E., Albanesi, C., Valletta, L. & Prati, G. (2019). Quality of collaboration within health promotion partnerships: Impact on sense of community, empowerment, and perceived projects’ outcomes. Journal of Community Psychology, 48(2): 323-36 https://doi.org/10.1002/jcop.22254

Chaddha, A., Rogers, E. V., Robinson, E. A., Souphis, T. A., Rubenfire, M. (2016). Mental health and cardiovascular disease. The American Journal of Medicine, 129, 1145-1148. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amjmed.2016.05.018

Feitosa, V. R., Florencio, R. S., Moreira, T. M., Tessoa, V. L., Barbosa, I. ;., Lima, F. E.. & Ires, L. C. (2016). Nursing competencies in promoting the health of individuals with chronic disease. Review Bras Enferm 69, 1129-1137. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2016-0312

Graham, G &Xiao, Y. Y. (2018). Where we live: The impact of neighbourhoods and community factors on cardiovascular health in U. S. Clinical Caridiology, 42, 184-187. https://doi.org/10.1002/clc.23107.

Kholed, S., Hassan, N., Maon, S., Hamid, N. (2017). Teamwork and collaboration in healthcare: elements of inter-professional teamwork. Jounal of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience,1-6. DOI: 10.1166/asl.2017.10164

Kumar, S. (2016). Cardiovascular disease and its determinants: Public health issue. Journal of Clinical Medicine and Therapeutics, 1, 1-6.

Magomedova, S. A. & Damadaeva, A. S. (2016). Medico social and psychological aspects of cardiovascular disease. Biology and Medicine, 8, 1-4.

Psaltopoulou T., Hatzis, G., Papageorgiou, N., Androulakis, E., Briasoulis, A., Tousoulis, D. (2017). Socioeconomic status and risk factors for cardiovascular disease: Impact of dietary mediators. Hellenic Journal of Cardiology, 58, 32-42.

Registered nursing. Health promotion and disease prevention (2020). Retrieved from: https://www.registerednursing.org/nclex/health-promotion-disease-prevention/

Sykes, S., Wills, J. & Popple, K. (2018). The role of community development in building critical health literacy. Community Development Journal, 53(4): 751-767, https://doi-org.ezproxy1.acu.edu.au/10.1093/cdj/bsx019

The World Health Organisation. (n.d.). Cardiovascular disease. Retrieved from https://www.who.int/nmh/publications/fact_sheet_cardiovascular_en.pdf

The role of infrastructure in addressing regional disadvantage in Victoria. Retrieved from https://www.infrastructurevictoria.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/Background-paper_The-role-of-infrastructure-in-addressing-regional-disadvantage.pdf

Valtorta, N., Kanaan, M., Gilbody, S., Ronzi, S., Hanratty, B. (2015). Lonliness and social isolation as a risk factors for coronary heart disease and stroke: systematic review and meta analysis of longitudinal observational studies. BMJ Journal, 0, 1-8 doi:10.1136/heartjnl-2015-308790

Williams, S. D., Phillips, J. M., & Koyama, K. Nurse Advocacy: Advocating a health in all policies. The Online Journal of Issue in Nursing, 23, 1-10. DOI: 10.3912/OJIN.Vol23No03Man01

Woodward, M. (2019). Cardiovascular disease and the female disadvantage. International Journal of Environment Research and Public Health, 16, 1-13.

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