Mrs Lillian Phillips Nursing Care Case Study Sample

Prevention and Management of Pressure Injury and Falls

Risk Factors

Family history; there is an increased risk that you, too, will get from your parents or other close family members who have high cholesterol. The older you are, the higher the blood pressure becomes. When we age, some of the absorbent consistency of our blood vessels increasingly loses and can lead to increased blood pressure (Nerenberg et al., 2018). For instance, Mrs Phillip is 84 years old, thus at high risk of falling and collapsing due to pressure. Nevertheless, high blood pressure can also occur in infants. Therefore, blood pressure is greater than that of women by the age of 64. Women are more likely to have high blood pressure at 65 years of age and above. Learn more about hypertension and women. High blood pressure is more common for racial Americans in the US than for any other race. For African Americans, it is also more severe and some drugs are less successful in black HBP treatment.

Evidence-Based Approaches Hypertension Prevention

`Targeted and/or population-based approaches may be used to prevent and control hypertension. According to Webster et al. (2018), the proactive approach is the conventional technique used to minimize BP for people at the top end of the BP distribution and aims at a clinically significant reduction in BP (Dickson et al., 2017). The guided approach is used in the treatment of high blood pressure patients, but the same technique is known as an effective method for the prevention of high blood pressure. Public health urban environmental management studies derive the workforce-based strategy

There is an aim to reach a lower BP reduction for the whole population, with the effect that the whole BP distribution is slightly downward. The allure of the population method is the apparent use by modelling studies of the CVD in contrast to the targeted strategy. From Carey et al. (2018), the basis of this argument is the idea that many people at a slightly higher CVD risk will produce many more situations than a limited number at high risk. For instance, an overall population DBP-reduction of as little as 2 mm Hg will lead to a 17% decrease in hypertension incidence, a 14% decrease in the risk of strokes, and a 6% decrease in coronary cardio-active risk. As they use the same approaches, tailored strategies focused on communities complement each other and reinforce each other.

Exact BP measurement science behind the prevention and management of high BP has become increasingly intense, but much remains to be done to ensure clinical practice incorporates this expertise. The accuracy of BP tests used to diagnose and treat hypertension must be improved as an absolute requirement (Ioannidis, 2018). Estimate BP is highly susceptible to systemic and random errors, but easy guidance methods reduce these mistakes to a minimum. Unfortunately, in clinical practice, the consistency of BP tests is extremely poor.

Improvements in the consistency of office-based assessments by training physicians or appointed staff members are crucial to the implementation of clinical practice guidelines for the identification and management of hypertension. Patients like Mrs Phillip are equipped to measure BP as an effective supplement or substitute accurately. Initiatives like Million Hearts and Aim BP are essential steps towards that objective.

Evidence-Based Approaches to Prevent Falling

Healthy Diet to Eat

A patient will reduce the salt he/she consumes and reduce the amount of potassium in a patient’s diet to help control your heart rate. Foods which are lower in fat and a large number of fruits, legumes, and whole vegetables are also essential for eating. DASH nutrition is an example of nutrition that can help patients like Mrs Phillip minimize blood pressure.

Physical Exercise

A patient should get exercise regularly. The sport will help Mrs Phillip keep her blood pressure stable and decrease her weight. At least two and a half hours a day or vigorous aerobic exercises 1 hour and 15 mins a week should be performed with intense exercise.

Aerobic exercise is any workout in which the heart is harder to beat, and the oxygen a patient uses is more abundant than usual. Thus, this ensures one has good weight. According to Vrijens et al. (2017), a patient’s risk of high blood pressure increases with overweight or obesity. Keeping your weight safe will help Mrs Phillip regulate high blood pressure and raising your health risk.

Alcohol Prohibition

Alcohol can increase blood pressure by drinking too much. It also adds additional calories that can cause an increase in weight. Men should only have two beverages a day while women only one.

No Smoking

Smoking tobacco raises the pressure in the Patient’s blood and makes you more likely to have a heart attack and stroke. Do not begin if you do not smoke. Consult with Mrs Phillip's medical care specialist if you inhale to help determine the best way to prevent it.

Pain Management

From Nielsen et al. (2017) perspective, achieving relaxation and stress control will improve a patient’s mental and physical wellbeing. It will also decrease her high blood pressure. Techniques of stress management include exercise, music, a relaxed, peaceful atmosphere, and meditation.

Multidisciplinary Team

Nursing Assistant

A licensed caregiver is somebody who allows a registered caregiver or a professional caregiver to work a day. A caregiver can get vital signs, coordinate medical equipment, prescribe sponge baths, and more (Nielsen et al., 2017). Many nursing homes operate with nurses and care with disabled people who are unable to perform those things by themselves. In some cases, like Mrs Phillips’s, nursing staff may start work without formal training.

Home Health Aide

A health worker at home is responsible for supporting a home-bound patient with daily tasks, such as swimming, food, and home care. A health care worker can switch between several patients a day, or a full-time patient can be allocated. This specialty also includes patients with disabilities, older adults, chronically ill people, or cognitively impaired individuals.

Physician

A doctor at home is in charge of what a home-like patient is doing with everyday tasks, for example, bathing, food, and home care. A health care worker can rotate between a patient population a day, or a full-time patient can be assigned. This specialisation also includes elderly adults, veterans, chronically ill persons, or people with cognitive impairment.

References for Prevention and Management of Pressure Injury and Falls

Carey, R. M., Muntner, P., Bosworth, H. B., & Whelton, P. K. (2018). Reprint of: Prevention and control of hypertension: JACC Health Promotion Series. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 72(23), 2996-3011.

Dickson, V. V., Lee, C., Yehle, K. S., Abel, W. M., & Riegel, B. (2017). Psychometric testing of the self-care of hypertension inventory. Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing, 32(5), 431-438.

Ioannidis, J. P. (2018). Diagnosis and treatment of hypertension in the 2017 ACC/AHA guidelines and in the real world. Jama, 319(2), 115-116.

Nerenberg, K. A., Zarnke, K. B., Leung, A. A., Dasgupta, K., Butalia, S., McBrien, K., ... & Lamarre-Cliche, M. (2018). Hypertension Canada’s 2018 guidelines for diagnosis, risk assessment, prevention, and treatment of hypertension in adults and children. Canadian Journal of Cardiology, 34(5), 506-525.

Nielsen, J. Ø., Shrestha, A. D., Neupane, D., & Kallestrup, P. (2017). Non-adherence to anti-hypertensive medication in low-and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 92443 subjects. Journal of Human Hypertension, 31(1), 14-21.

Vrijens, B., Antoniou, S., Burnier, M., de la Sierra, A., & Volpe, M. (2017). Current situation of medication adherence in hypertension. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 8, 100.

Webster, R., Salam, A., De Silva, H. A., Selak, V., Stepien, S., Rajapakse, S., ... & Fernando, M. (2018). Fixed low-dose triple combination antihypertensive medication vs usual care for blood pressure control in patients with mild to moderate hypertension in Sri Lanka: a randomized clinical trial. Jama, 320(6), 566-579.

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