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Introduction

Ecosystems as well as biodiversity are especially at risk, as are living things inside them. The need of figuring out and fixing these environmental problems has been emphasized by recent studies and scientific findings.

Increased atmospheric CO2 levels are a direct result of human activities like burning fossil fuels and deforestation, which in turn increase the greenhouse effect. This has led to increased frequency and intensity of climatic events, changes in the pattern of precipitation, including overall warming of the world. Ecosystems, farming, and human well-being on a global scale are all threatened by the greenhouse effect's worsening.

The acidity of the oceans is another climate change worry. Dissolved carbon dioxide (CO2) upsets the equilibrium of marine chemistry. Recent research has demonstrated that marine life, in general, and organisms that need calcium carbonate for shells and skeletons in particular, are negatively impacted by the seas' growing acidity. The rainforests of sea as well as coral reefs, are especially under risk because they can't create or sustain their calcium carbonate formations as easily. This threatens the fishing and tourist industries that support the populations who depend upon coral reefs for their survival.

As a result of these changes, lab research on the greenhouse gas impact of carbon dioxide is more important than ever. Our experiment attempts to add to this knowledge by exploring the influence of CO2 on the pace of ice melting, revealing details about how CO2 may change temperature dynamics including heat transfer, imitating the processes happening in the atmosphere of the planet and oceans. This research contributes to our understanding of the complex processes behind the greenhouse effect and its amplification, as well as their potential effects on Earth.

The influence of the heightened greenhouse effect on the climate is becoming more visible. Researchers have found an increase in both the intensity and frequency of storms, heat waves, and heavy downpours (Valone, 2021). The destruction of infrastructure, the demise of life, even the alteration of ecosystems are all tragic results of such occurrences. 

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The oceans store a lot of heat, thus they help keep the planet at a comfortable temperature. They store extra heat from the air and function as heat reservoirs (Schädel et al, 2016). The ability of the ocean to absorb heat has been brought to light by recent observations, and this has significant consequences for the increase of sea levels and the alteration of marine ecosystems. 

The study has two main hypotheses:

  • Since CO2 acts as a heat trap, the temperature in the container where it has been introduced will rise relative to the container where it has not been added.
  • When CO2 is introduced to a container, the temperature rises, allowing more heat to pass through and melting the ice quicker than it would in a container in absence of CO2.

Method

Our controlled experiment aims to investigate the effect of carbon dioxide heat-trapping capabilities on the rate of ice melting . In order to study these impacts thoroughly, we a carefully monitored experiment. The materials, the procedures, the data gathering, as well as the analysis are the pillars of the methodology.

Materials:

  • We use two identical containers, one labeled "Control" and the other "Treatment," to maintain uniformity and regulate environmental variables.
  • For consistency's sake, we utilize cubes of ice that are the same dimensions and form across the containers.
  • The carbon dioxide (CO2) comes from white vinegar. Carbon dioxide gas is produced when baking soda is added to the mixture, simulating the greenhouse effect (Soeder, 2021).
  • Sodium Bicarbonate: Baking soda is incorporated to vinegar inside Treatment container to generate CO2 gas.
  • Salt: An equal quantity of salt is injected into Control container in order to ensure that the two containers have comparable characteristics with the exception of the existence of CO2.
  • Thermometer: We use thermometers to keep track of the temperatures within the storage units. Using this apparatus, we can determine whether there are any temperature shifts due to CO2 concentrations.
  • The melting time of the ice in the "Control" as well as Treatment containers is timed using a stopwatch.

Procedure:

  • Preparing the Containers: Two identical containers are given names: one reads "Control" whereas the other reads "Treatment."
  • Equal Addition of Ice: Equal quantities of homogeneous ice cubes are added in both containers. This guarantees uniformity in the earliest stages.
  • The addition of vinegar and baking soda to the "Treatment" container causes the production of carbon dioxide gas. This combination triggers a chemical reaction, culminating in the emission of CO2 gas. The container is shut quickly to prevent CO2 leakage (Ramirez-Corredores et al, 2023).
  • The "Control" container also has salt added to it, but at the same concentration as the other containers. This is necessary to provide consistency across the two containers, including the exception of CO2 levels.
  • Both containers get exposed to external forces within controlled environmental circumstances by being put in direct sunlight.

Gathering Information:

  • Time taken for ice to melt is carefully documented in both the "Control" and "Treatment" containers. Information from many studies is compiled for greater confidence in the findings.
  • A thermometer is used to take readings of the temperatures inside both containers so that the differences in temperature may be analyzed.

Analysis of Data:

Data is analyzed to determine the difference in melting time between the "Control" as well as "Treatment" containers. The impact of CO2 upon the rate of melting of ice may be better understood with the help of this comparison.

The effect of CO2 on container temperatures is evaluated by analyzing the temperature data collected from both vessels. This study is helpful for understanding how CO2 acts as a heat trap.

We want to learn more about CO2's heat-trapping qualities and its possible effect on temperature dynamics by carrying out this experiment and following the specified technique, which is analogous to what happens in the Earth's atmosphere along with oceans. The results of this carefully orchestrated experiment add to our growing body of knowledge on the effect of greenhouse gases, its amplification, including its global consequences.

Results

Figure 1 shows a comparison between Trial 1 and Trial 2 ice melting times in the "Control" as well as "Treatment" containers. It took the "Control" container a total of 54 minutes across both trials for melting of ice, but the "Treatment" container took 58 minutes in the initial trial and 59 minutes in Trial 2. These findings point to the possibility of a small impact of CO2 within the Treatment container upon the rate of melting(ice).

Temperature data from Trial 1 and Trial 2's Control as well as Treatment containers are shown in Figure 2. In all experiments, the "Control" container was maintained at a temperature between 22.5 and 22.7 degrees Celsius. In both experiments, the "Treatment" container was kept between 23.2 and 23.4 degrees Celsius. The results show that the "Treatment" container kept its contents at a slightly warmer temperature than the "Control" container did throughout the experiment.

According to our results, ice melted more slowly and reached a greater temperature in the Treatment container than in the Control container due to the presence of CO2. Although the variations are small, they do hint that CO2 may influence the dynamics of temperature along with ice melting rate under laboratory settings.

Container

Melt Time( 1 minute Trial )

Melt Time( 2 minute Trial )

Control

54

54

Treatment

58

59

Figure 1: Controlled-environment ice melting time simultaneously with as well as without CO2.

Container

Temperature (Trial 1, °C)

Temperature (Trial 2, °C)

Control

22.5

22.7

Treatment

23.2

23.4

Figure 2: Temperature Measurements of Control or Treatment Containers

Discussion

The findings are explained in light of the introductory hypothesis and scientific principles. The research intended to evaluate the heat-trapping properties of carbon dioxide (CO2) and its influence on the pace of ice melting under controlled settings, matching with the wider knowledge of the effect of greenhouse gases including the consequences for climate change.

Our results are consistent with the proposed framework. When contrasted to the Control container, that had no CO2 but comparable salt, the Treatment container, containing the CO2 created by vinegar and baking soda, did actually show a somewhat longer duration for ice melting. This finding agrees with the theory that CO2 may act as a greenhouse gas and decrease the melting of ice by increasing global temperatures.

The data from the thermometers corroborate this pattern. The temperature within the Treatment container was almost always somewhat higher than that inside the Control container. Since said in the introduction, there is strong evidence that CO2 has a strong heat-trapping effect.

These findings are also consistent with what is known scientifically regarding the increased greenhouse effect, in which higher atmospheric CO2 levels exacerbate heat trapping and contribute to increasing global temperatures. As a first step towards comprehending CO2's involvement in the climate of the planet, this experiment gives a small-scale but realistic illustration of how CO2 might effect the dynamics of temperature and heat transport.

When comparing the "Control" and "Treatment" containers, we found only slight variations in melting times and average temperatures. These results are noteworthy, however, since they provide light on the impacts of CO2 in laboratory settings and help us better comprehend the wider environmental ramifications of elevated CO2 levels.

While the results of this experiment are helpful, it is clear that they cannot fully account for the many factors that influence Earth's climate. To further understand the heat-trapping effects of CO2, future studies might take into account varying CO2 concentrations, longer observation periods, and other environmental conditions.

Conclusion

Experiment showed that carbon dioxide (CO2) had a significant effect on the rate of melting along with temperature of ice in a controlled setting. These results are consistent with the greenhouse effect, in which carbon dioxide works as a heat-trapping gas to cause mild warming and delayed ice melting. Although the changes were modest, they highlight the role that CO2 plays as a greenhouse gas in driving global warming. As a concrete example, this experiment shows how elevated CO2 levels might affect temperature dynamics. It underscores the critical need to minimize CO2 emissions to better explore its environmental repercussions.

References:

Schädel, C., Bader, M. K. F., Schuur, E. A., Biasi, C., Bracho, R., Čapek, P., ... & Wickland, K. P. (2016). Potential carbon emissions dominated by carbon dioxide from thawed permafrost soils. Nature climate change6(10), 950-953. Retrieved from https://www.nature.com/articles/nclimate3054

Soeder, D. J. (2021). Greenhouse gas sources and mitigation strategies from a geosciences perspective. Advances in Geo-Energy Research5(3), 274-285. Retrieved from https://www.sciopen.com/article/10.46690/ager.2021.03.04

Valone, T. F. (2021). Linear global temperature correlation to carbon dioxide level, sea level, and innovative solutions to a projected 6 C warming by 2100. Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection9(03), 84.Retrieved from https://www.scirp.org/html/7-2171554_107789.htm

Ramirez-Corredores, M. M., Goldwasser, M. R., & Falabella de Sousa Aguiar, E. (2023). Carbon Dioxide and Climate Change. In Decarbonization as a Route Towards Sustainable Circularity (pp. 1-14). Cham: Springer International Publishing. Retrieved from https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-031-19999-8_1

Singh, B. R. IMPACT ON GLACIER AND ICE MELT IN COMBATING CLIMATE CHANGE: A STUDY TOWARDS FUTURE RESEARCH. Retrieved from http://www.brsinghindia.com/books/ch5-glacier.pdf

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