Table of Contents
Introduction.
Aim..
Literature Review..
Survey design.
Partition or stratify areas or habitats for survey.
Identification of different habitats.
Methods.
Set of techniques to survey all vertebrates.
Specification whether all procedures will be applied in all habitats.
Specification the duration of the survey.
Specification the timing of the survey.
References.
This particular study will be subjected in context to wildlife survey. The area of study in this context is provided in figure 1. The survey will be conducted throughout the area within the circle. This area can also be viewed in Google Earth by typing in ‘Sandy Flat Rd, Cumbalum, NSW’. The western boundary is the Pacific Hwy. the main intention of this study is to state a comprehensive vertebrate fauna survey. The survey will take into consideration which threatened/endangered species may be present there.
Aim
The aim of this study is to conduct a survey in terms of comprehensive vertebrate fauna
In this context, the earlier records or the database records of the particular area will be collected from the Australian Bureau of Statistics for example Byron Bay. The area chosen for the study is probable to capture (as per the database records) Reptiles and frogs, Tortoises, Non-flying mammals, owls. Animals can be captured when detected sheltering under objects in the field (e.g. rocks, logs) or when they are located actively moving about. Searches at night will be useful for detecting active frogs and some reptiles. Apart from that it had been identified from several studies that pitfall traps are very much useful in this context (Haering et al. 2019).
The survey will be conducted in the area of Sandy Flat Rd, Cumbalum, NSW. The sampling will be done in context to the different habitats mostly 5 habitats that is proportional to their availability in that particular area. Probability sampling design (Stratified sampling) will be taken into account as sampling the entire habitat in nearly impossible. However, sampling sites chosen will be independent of each other. Different broad habitats will be identified by topographic map and aerial photos on Google Earth (animalethics.org.au, 2014).
The researcher will divide the habitat as the large number of sites is available in this area. Five habitats × five sites in each habitat will be stratified for the survey.
To determine the density of green on a patch of land, researchers need to view the distinct colors (wavelengths) of visible and near-infrared sunlight reflected by the plants. Topographic map and aerial photos will help in this context (Spratt & Beveridge, 2019).
A map represents two contour lines (often of the same contour) at the same height as well as at a certain distance. When the lines intersect, the top is flattened on a higher plateau or continues to grow with additional contour lines. A valley landscape is a long depression formed by the action of water (V-shaped) or decorated by glaciers (U-shaped). Valley bottles show their closed edges at higher altitudes by "U" or "V" shaped contour lines (Marcinkowska-Ochtyra et al. 2019). A Gully is a channel or ditch that is formed as a result of water erosion. Couloir is a steep gully or gorge formed on the side of a hill. The Gullies elevate their closed edge to a higher altitude by a "U" or "V" shaped contour line. U-shapes represent more rounded lanes, while V-shapes are used for narrower lanes.
Number of survey sites per habitat
There will be five survey sites for five habitats.
Reptiles and frogs
Hand capture is often employed to survey these animals. Animals can be captured when detected sheltering under objects in the field (e.g. rocks, logs) or when they are located actively moving about. Searches at night will be useful for detecting active frogs and some reptiles.
Tortoises
Drum traps are used to capture these animals.
Bats
Bat-trapping includes standard procedures using harp traps and mist nets. Harp traps are erected in areas that are believed to be flyways for bats. Mist nets are also erected in flyways.
Non-flying mammals
These mammals will be captured in pitfall traps, in small aluminium live traps (Elliott traps) and in large wire live traps.
Owls
Surveys for owls will include the broadcast of taped calls from a loud hailer.
Other birds
Birds can be surveyed in a variety of ways including the use of call broadcast to target species other than owls.
Specification the number of traps
Total 8 traps will be used
Specification whether all procedures will be applied in all habitats
No, all procedures will not be applied as each habitat is different from the other.
Specification the duration of the survey.
6 months
Specification the timing of the survey
Ist August- 31st December
animalethics.org.au (2014), from: https://www.animalethics.org.au/code-of-practice [Retrieved On: 27th July 2020]
animalethics.org.au (2020), from: https://www.animalethics.org.au/legislation [Retrieved On: 27th July 2020]
Haering, R., Wilson, V., Zhuo, A., & Stathis, P. (2018). Towards a more effective model of local wildlife care with the volunteer wildlife rehabilitation sector: A survey of volunteers in New South Wales, Australia.
Marcinkowska-Ochtyra, A., Gryguc, K., Ochtyra, A., Kope?, D., Jaroci?ska, A., & S?awik, ?. (2019). Multitemporal Hyperspectral Data Fusion with Topographic Indices—Improving Classification of Natura 2000 Grassland Habitats. Remote Sensing, 11(19), 2264.
Spratt, D. M., & Beveridge, I. (2019). Wildlife parasitology in Australia: past, present and future. Australian Journal of Zoology, 66(4), 286-305.
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