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Chronic Care Across the Lifespan

Part A- The Patient Situation and Collection of Cues

Over the last 20 years, Mr. Smith has suffered from multiple illnesses as well as asthma. Airway narrowing and consequent breathing disturbance in asthma is the main physiological event that leads to clinical symptoms. In acute exacerbations of asthma in response to exposure to a multitude of stimuli, including allergens or harmful particles, to expand the airways, bronchial smooth muscle contraction (bronchoconstriction) occurs fast. The patient also has dysnopea and report noisy, difficult breathing because of the obstruction in the airways of the patient. IgE-dependent release of mast cell mediators, which include histamine, leukotrienes, tryptase, and prostaglandins that precisely contract smooth muscle airways, results in acute bronchoconstriction caused by allergens. In addition, other causes, including movement, extreme cold, and allergens, may cause acute airflo....